The objective of this book is to study the influence of Er, Cr: YSGG 2780 nm on smear layer removal of the apical third using the photo-induced photoacoustic streaming technique at a short pulse duration alone and with irrigant compared with ultrasonic activation. This book is an important reference for research and postgraduate students in universities, as it represents postgraduate research carried out by one of the dental students and was supervised by two professors...
More DescriptionThe objective of this book is to study the influence of Er, Cr: YSGG 2780 nm on smear layer removal of the apical third using the photo-induced photoacoustic streaming technique at a short pulse duration alone and with irrigant compared with ultrasonic activation.
This book is an important reference for research and postgraduate students in universities, as it represents postgraduate research carried out by one of the dental students and was supervised by two professors who have great experience in the field of research and publication.
This book is one of a series of many books that will be published successively on the latest research and developments in laser and medicine.
This book is also a reference for teachers who teach scientific research methods because it contains a smooth and scientific curriculum.
The results of this book are considered useful for the dentist to know the latest methods used in the treatment of the dental canal, as well as useful for using the best and most recent methods in that
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